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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is an effective tool to aid a loved one live more independently at home. If not designed correctly they can be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction to prevent compound slopes. They must also provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design has to meet the Americans van with wheelchair ramp Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs easily navigate the structure. For instance, the ramp's slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level at any direction change or change in the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber, which is more durable than untreated and can weather precipitation better.

The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstructions like bushes, trees or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with an anti-slip surface.

Use treated lumber of at minimum 4 inches in width for the frame of the ramp. To secure the ramp, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond the level of the ground. Spindles are the best way to join the posts with the railings of the ramp. This type of connection is preferred because it minimizes the risk of a ramp operator falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, construct the van wheel chair ramp's frame with beams of 2 by 4 inches in size and joists at least 16 inch long. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using Joist hangers which are nails that hold the inside of the joists and prevent them from slipping off the ground. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing to the doorway so that the narrow wheelchair ramp-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. The landing should be enough to give at least 12-24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side for out-swing doors. For doors with in-swing the landing should be at least 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and the person in wheelchair who must move backwards through the doorway.

Install an elevated landing at every change in ramp direction to prevent the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes when turning corners. Adding a level landing also allows you to move the ramp away from the way, if needed to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

Concrete, wood or aluminium can be used to construct a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installation company can assist you in deciding which one is suitable for your business or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it's important to take into account your budget and requirements. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be paved with an anti-slip surface.

Make sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing any materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. The wrong materials or construction methods can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local government's building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other options. Wood ramps need to be regularly treated with sealers to stop rot. Wood can splinter, which could be particularly dangerous for those who are in wheelchairs. Wood ramps may also require additional support to maintain the structure.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time However, they can be costly. They are heavy, which means more work is required to construct them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp when it is no longer required. Concrete ramps are strong enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than steel or concrete however they offer the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also more affordable than steel wheelchair ramps - click to investigate - or iron which makes them an excellent choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also green because it is found naturally in the Earth's crust and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing should be at a level level or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door to allow wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps with gaps greater than this do not meet ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp moves smoothly between the landing area and the ground. The final section of the ramp must have a a beveled transition to avoid an abrupt stop for wheelchairs when they exit or enter a dwelling.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is installed on top of or in place of steps. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to get around areas that are otherwise difficult to reach, such as an entranceway or a set of sloping steps.

When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are numerous factors to consider, such as the location, height, and price. A ramp should be placed as close to the door as possible to prevent unnecessary travel. It should be placed at a level that the person using it can easily navigate. It should be securely fixed to the floor and clear of any obstructions such as car parks, shrubs or other obstacles.

ADA regulations stipulate that garden ramps for wheelchair users should have handrails on either side. The rails must be at 36 inches apart and have the gripping surface rounded or smooth. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches over it. If a ramp is equipped with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails should be a continuous length between the ramp's runs.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However, there are some common ramp types that are suitable for all situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the lip of the curb or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps, on the other hand are able to be moved to another place and come in various sizes. There are also aluminum ramps that are modular that can be built on-site. These ramps are typically used in commercial or public areas and are usually longer.

If you're considering a permanent ramp, make sure you contact the building department of your city to determine if you require a permit. You should also speak to a mobility specialist about the kind of ramp that is best for your needs and space. In some cases installing an ongoing ramp could increase the resale value of your home.

Maintenance

It is crucial to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used regularly. You'll have to conduct regular inspections, and correct any structural problems as they arise. This will help ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular cleaning to get rid of dirt and debris that may block access. Cleaning the ramp regularly will also stop moisture from accumulating under the surface and causing the onset of rot. The wood preservatives or stains only work if the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to application.

Wheelchair ramps are more challenging to maintain than other kinds of ramps because they are more prone to wear and wear and tear. It is important to have the right tools. A set of gauge spanners and screwdrivers is vital to ensure that all fixings are secure and secure. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of damage or corrosion. It's possible that over time, and with repeated use some of the fittings and bolts that secure the handrails may loosen, which can be a major safety concern for those using the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the surface of the ramp is grippy, especially in winter when conditions can be challenging. You'll need to clean away any dirt, leaves and other debris that may block the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive on the ramp surface to prevent injuries and slipping.

Think about purchasing "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if plan to use it throughout the winter. These are specifically designed to aid in tracking on uneven surfaces and snow and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires in aiding you to stay on the ramp. You can also use heating tape or pads to melt the snow and ice on the ramp before it gets too much.